Valence and Conduction Band

The valence band is the highest range of electron energies where electrons are normally present at absolute zero temperature.

Electrons in valance Band are bound to individual atoms.

Valance Band is located below the conduction Band.

Conduction band is the energy band in which electrons can move freely in a solid and above the valance band.

Insulators and semi conductors have a band gap between valance and conduction band but not in metals.

Energy in conduction band electrons are higher than valance band and is sufficient to free an electron from its individual atom and allow it to move freely in atomic lattice.

Electrons in conduction band are mobile charge carriers in solids and they are the responsible for conduction of electrical energy in metals.